Gilbert Renthlei

Jail tangte tana Angel

ELIZABETH FRY

Elizabeth Fry hi Gurney Court, Norwich, Norfolk, England-ah May 21, 1780 khan a piang a, a pa hi John Gurney niin Gurney Bank neitu pakhat a ni a, a nu Catherine ve thung hi Barclays Bank neitu, Barclay chhungkua a mi a ni thung. Chungkaw khawsa thei tak an ni a, an chhungkua hi Kristian inzawmkhawm pawl Religious Society of Friends ‘Quaker’ pawla inhmang tak an ni. Elizabeth-i kum 12 mi lek a nih laiin a nu hian a thihsan a. An unau zinga upa ber anih avangin a unaute leh inchhungkhur enkawl chu naupangte anih lai atangin a kutah a awm a, a naute pawh a enkawl puitling hle aniang a laizawnnu Louisa Gurney hi ziaktu lar tak ni chhoin a nuta Joseph John Gurney hi Philanthropist lar tak a ni.

            Elizabeth Fry-i nu, Catherine-i hian zirna a ngai pawimawh em em a, mipa an ni emaw hmeichhia an ni emaw, naupang chuan engkim thiam tura an zir a ngai a ni a ti thin. Hetiang hian a fa te pawh a damchhungin a enkawl a, heivang hian Elizabeth-i pawh hian a nu hnen atang hian thil hrang hrang a zirthiam a ni. Pi Catherine-i hian damlo leh mirethei te a ngaipawimawh hle a, chutiang mite chu hmun hrang hrang a mi a tlawh kual thin. Heng hunah te hian Elizabeth-i hian a nu hi a zui ve reng thin a, hei hian tanpui ngaite tanpui leh a hnu zela a rawngbawlnaah phurna nasa tak a pe a, chutih laiin kum 12 mi lek a nih laia a nuin a thihsan pawh a tuar hle.

            Elizabeth-i te chhungkua hi chhungkaw zahawm tak, thawmhnaw zahawm tak nen a in thuam ap reng mai chi an ni a. Kum 18 mi a nih laiin tum khat chu America rama Quaker pawl a mi William Savery-a thusawi a ngaithla a. Chumi tuma mi rethei te tanpui chungchang William Savery-a thusawi a ngaithlak atang chuan tun hmaa a nuin a lo buaipui thin mi rethei leh damlote tanpuinaah phurna nasa zawk a pe ta a, mi retheite ngaihsak chu Pathian rawngbawlna pawimawh tak a ni tih a chharchhuak ta. Elizabeth-i chuan a nundan a thlak thleng ta. A thawmhnaw zahawm tak chu dah thlain thawmhnaw mawlmang te te a inbel a, a thawmhnaw hlui te chu a la khawm a, thenawm hnaia mi rethei tak tak te chu a tlawhchhuak a, chung thawmhnaw hlui te chu an hnenah pein naupang rethei tak tak te tan Sunday school te a buatsaih sak thin a ni.

            Pasal: Hetianga hma alak lai hian kum 1799 khan Essex-a sumdawng hausa tak fapa Joseph Fry nen an inhmelhriat tir a. Inngaina chho zelin Joseph Fry nen hian Aug 19, 1800 khan an inneiin, ani nen hian London khawpuiah chengin Pathian malsawmna fanau 11 lai an nei a ni

            Jail-a rawngbawlna: An chhungkaw thianhnai tak pakhat Stephen Grellet-a chuan kum 1813 khan Newgate Prison (Jail) tlawh puiah a sawm a. hemi tuma Newgate Prison an tlawh hian Elizabeth-i chu a shock chiang hle. Chu jail dinhmun chu a chhe hle mai a, mi tang tam tak awmin nu leh naupang te nen an inchiahpiah nuai mai a, an tawt hle mai. Chu achhapah jail tangte chuan anmahnia eirawng in bawl chawpin an insu a, zanah an tanna hmun chep takah di hnah ro chunga an la mu zui. Eitur an hmu chhe em em a, an dinhmun khawngaihthlak zia a taka a hmuh chuan a tukah chu Newgate Prison-ah chuan thawmhnaw haktur leh eitur hrang hrang nen a kal leh a, jail tang thenkhat thawmhnaw chhe tawp tak tak leh bal tak tak te chu thlak sakin eitur a ken chuan a hrai puar ta hlawm a ni. Hetianga duhsak taka hma a lak avang hian Jail tangte nen an inngaina em em a, anmahni pawhin an awmdan te an uluk phah hle a ni.

            Hetianga Jail tangte tana rawng a bawl lai hian an chhungkaw sum dinhmun tla chhia avangin rawngbawl hna hi kum 4 chuang a chawlhsan a. Kum 1816-a bul a tan that leh hnu chuan Jail chhunga an nute tan vanga tang ve naupang ho tan prison school a din sak ta a. Hmeichhe tang ho tan pawh chuan puanthui leh Bible chhiar zirtir hna te a kalpui ta bawk a ni.

            Kum 1817-ah Newgate Prison-a hmeichhe tangte hmangaiin Quakers-a a rawngbawlpui mi 11 te nen Association for the Reformation of the Female Prisioners in Newgate a din a, he pawl kal chho zel hian Britain huapa hmeichhe pawl hmasa ber British Ladies Society for Promoting the Reformation of Female Prisioners pawl chu a hring chhuak ta a ni.

            Heng pawl kaltlang leh a mimal thahnemngaihna avangin Elizabeth Fry hian Jail tang te tan nasa takin hna a thawk a, hetih lai huna Britain Jail tangte dinhmun hniam lutuk chu a vei hle. Kum 1818-ah a makpa Thomas Fowell Buston chu MP-ah thlan tlin a ni a. Ani nena an hmalak dunna azarah hian House of Commons-ah Fry-i hian Britain-a Jail tangte dinhmun a auchhuah pui thei ta a ni.

Hei lo pawh hi tum tam tak Fry-i hian Jail tangte ai a awh sak a. Kum 1827 khan a lehkhabu Observations, on the visiting superintendence and government of female prisoners chu tichhuakin he lehkhabuah hian Britain rama Jail te thuam that an ngaih zia leh an dinhmun hniam tak chu a pholang chiang hle a, hei hian mi tam tak beng a verh a, Britain rama Jail te pawhin ngaihsak an hlawh lehzual phah a ni. Elizabeth Fry-i hian Jail tangte thlarau dinhmun chu a ngaihtuah hle a, an thlarau chhanhim anih theih nana Bible Class a siamah te chuan theih tawp chhuahin thi tura chungthu rel tawh te tan pawh zahngaihna dilin vawi tam roreltute a lo hmu tawh a ni.

Jail tangte tana nasa taka hma laa dan tam tak siam that a nih theih nana hma a lakna hian rah tha tam tak a hnutchhiah a. Heng Jail tangte tana a rawngbawlna mai bakah hian nu ropui Elizabeth Fry-i hian kawng dang tam takah hna ropui tak tak a thawk a. Chungte chu tawi te tein i han sawi lang dawn teh ang.

            Fahrahte tan: Fry-i hian in leh lo nai lo, khawlaia tei rawlai mai mai fahrah te tan pawh rawng a bawl a, fahrahte lainatna leh tanpui duhna hi kum 1819-a thlasik khawvawt tak hnuaia mipa naupang pakhat London khawpuia riahna tur nei lo avak rawlai a hmuh atangin a rilruah a lo lut tan a. Kum 1824-ah chawlh hmangin Brighton khawpuiah a zin chuan Brighton khawpuia kutdawh tam lutuk chuan a rilru a khawih hle mai. Tichuan Brighton khawpuia mi rethei awmzat zirchiangin Brighton District Visiting Society pawl chu a din ta a ni. He pawl hnuaiah hian mi rethei tanpui tur team dinin chung team te chuan Brighton khawpuia mi rethei te tanpui hna leh an mamawh hrang hrang chhawmdawl hna an thawk a, chhungkaw rethei thenkhat chu saving accounts siamsakin a peipun lamah tan an lak pui a, mahni kea dingthei turin bul tanpui hna an thawk a ni. He pawl hi a hlawhtlin chhoh em avangin Britain hmun hrang hrangah din chhoh a ni ta zel a ni.

            Nursing School: Kaisersewerth khuaa an tihdan nghawng chhuahin Kum 1840-ah Fry-i hian Nurse quality tha tak neih duhin nurse ho training-na tur school Guy Hospital-ah a din a, he school-a zir nurse te chu uniform fel tak siam sakin an damlo enkawlte thlarau lamah leh taksa mamawh anga enkawl thiam zawk tura training pek an nih bakah khawlaia mi retheu te tanpui hna an thawk bawk. He a nurse training-na school hi Florence Nightingale i pawh khan tha a ti hle a, tha a tih thu hi Fry-i hnenah lehkha thawnin a hrilh hial a ni. A hnua Crimean War a lo thlen pawh khan Florence Nightingale-i hian Elizabeth Fry-i nurse training school-a nurse engemawzat chu sipai inhliamte enkawl turin a hruai nghe nghe.

            Costguard te tan: Hetih hunlai a tuipui kam sipai (Coastguard) te nun hi a khawhar thlak hle mai a, tuipui kam leh lawnglengah te misual, sawrkar phalloh thil rawn phur luh  tum te lo chan chu an hna ber a ni. Dan ang taka hmalak a ngaih si avangin mi tam takin heng Coastguard te hi an hua a, an chhungte thleng pawhin harsatna tam tak an siam thin a ni. Coastguard te nun hi hrethiamin Elizabeth Fry hian United kingdom chhunga Coastguard station zawng zawngah Library dah a nih vek theih nan hma a la a, he a hmalakna hi kum 1836 khan  tihlawhtlingin Library 500 chuan chu Coastguard station-ah din a ni ta a ni. Coastguard te tana a hmalakna ropui tak avang hian zah a hlawh phah a, vawiin ni thleng hian Ramsgate Coast Guard te chuan England Lal an thih chauh a an tih thin angin Elizabeth Fry-i thih cham apiangin an flag chu a ngul chanveah an zar thin a ni.

            Mi rethei te tan: Elizabeth Fry-i hian mi rethei te a hmangaih a, a chenna hmun apiangah mi rethei leh damlo a chhehvel ami te a ngaihsak thei hle. An veng chhunga naupangte chu vaccine an lak leh lak loh uluk takin a zawtchhuak peih a, thawmhnaw mamawh te chu a pe bawk thin. Plashet-a a awm laiin a awmna veng chu an rethei hlawm hle mai a. Hetih lai hian thlasik khawvawt takin Plashet hi a tuam bawk avangin a chokaah chuan a in rawn chuangkai apiangte ei atan soup a siam hluah mai a, mi chi hrang hrang a inah chuan an lo lawi lut a, mi vakvai (vagrants) te pawh an tlangnel hle niin Harriet Martineau chuan a sawi.

            School din lamah: Chhuak hmasa lama sawi tawh angin Fry-i hian a tleirawl laiin an inah naupang ho tan Sunday sikul a lo buatsaih tawh thin a, naupang zirtir hna chu a tuipui hle thin. Kum 1809-a Plashet-a a pem hlim khan in ruak lian tak pakhatah Plashet khaw pastor (vicar) puihnain sikul a din a, a din tirh hian naupang 70 chuang a nei a ni. Kum 1817-ah Newgate Jail-ah an nu te tan vanga Jail tang ve naupang ho tan sikul a siam leh bawk.

            Khawtlang tana a hnathawh ropui tak tak avang hian Elizabeth Fry hi a lar hle a, chutih rualin hmeichhiain hetiang em ema social work lama a inhmang hi an dem let hlauh a, nu anih angin a inchhungkhur a hlamchhiah niin an sawisel thin. Ngaisangtu erawh tam tak an awm a, vantlang tana a hnathawh ropui takte avangin mi tam takin nun pangngai an nei thei a, ngaihhlut pawh a hlawh hle reng a ni.

            Amah ngaisang em em tu pakhat chu Queen Victoria kha a ni. Queen Victoria khan Elizabeth Fry-i hi a hnathawhna atana a hman turin sum engemawzat a pe thin a, hmaichhanah an inkawm thin bakah Lal chhungkua hmuh laiin a hnathawh ropui tak chungchangah a interview nghe nghe. United Kingdom Prime Minister lar Robert Peel pawh khan Fry-i hnathawh hi a ngaihlu a, a hmalakna thlawpin Elizabeth Fry-i ngenna angin dan tam tak a passed sak a ni. Hei bakah hian Prussia Lal (king of Prussia) chu Elizabeth Fry-i hmu tur hian London-ah a zin vang vang a, chawhlui a kil pui hial a ni.

            Lord Mayor of London pawh khan Fry-i hi a ngaihsan em avangin a thih hnu lawkah Hackney-a London Borough-ah in tha tak mai, mi rethei te in tunnunna tur chu Elizabeth Fry-i hriatreng nan a lei a, he in enkawl nan hian mi hrang hrang ten thilpek an pe khawm thin a ni. He inah hian eizawnna nei lo mirethei te chuan puansuk leh puan thui te an training thin a, a hnuah hmeichhia, case tenau deuh avanga man tawk te hostel atan hman a ni chho ta a ni.

            Hun tawp lam: Khawtlang tana hna tam tak a thawh lai hian October 12, 1845 khan Elizabeth Fry hi Stroke natna aangin Ramsgate England-ah a thi a. An pawl Society of Friends (Quakers) hian invuina dan nei lo mahse amah vuina inkhawmah hian mi sang chuang ngawi rengin an ding a, tichuan Quakers ho thlanmual Barking-ah a ruang chu zalh a ni ta a, mi rethei leh fahrah, Jail tang a lo tanpui tawh thin te chuan mittui nen Elizabeth Fry-i chu an thlahliam ta a ni.